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The critic/poet/writer Shamsur Rahman Faruqui explains that the convention of having the "idea" of a lover or beloved instead of an actual lover/beloved freed the poet-protagonist-lover from the demands of realism. In keeping with the conventions of the classical ghazal, in most of Ghalib's verses, the identity and the gender of the beloved is indeterminate. This work is considered his paramount contribution to Urdu poetry and literature. Before Ghalib, the ghazal was primarily an expression of anguished love but Ghalib expressed philosophy, the travails and mysteries of life and wrote ghazals on many other subjects, vastly expanding the scope of the ghazal. Numerous elucidations of Ghalib's ghazal compilations have been written by Urdu scholars. Although Ghalib himself was far prouder of his poetic achievements in Persian, he is today more famous for his Urdu ghazals. He got his education in Persian and Arabic at a young age. His first language was Urdu, but Persian and Turkish were also spoken at home. Ghalib started composing poetry at the age of 11. He soon moved to Delhi, along with his younger brother, Mirza Yousuf Khan, who had developed schizophrenia at a young age and later died in Delhi during the chaos of 1857. At the age of thirteen, Ghalib married Umrao Begum, daughter of Nawab Ilahi Bakhsh. His paternal grandfather, Mirza Qoqan Baig Khan, was a Saljuq Turk who had immigrated to India from Samarkand during the reign of Ahmad Shah.
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Today Ghalib remains popular not only in India and Pakistan but also amongst diaspora communities around the world. Ghalib, the last great poet of the Mughal Era, is considered to be one of the most popular and influential poets of the Urdu poetry. Most notably, he wrote several ghazals during his life, which have since been interpreted and sung in many different ways by different people. He used his pen-names of Ghalib and Asad.ĭuring his lifetime the Mughals were eclipsed and displaced by the British and finally deposed following the defeat of the Indian rebellion of 1857, events that he wrote of. Mirza Ghalib born Mirza Asadullah Baig Khan was the preeminent Indian Urdu and Persian poet during the last years of the Mughal Empire.